The Role of Membrane Transport Proteins in Cellular Homeostasis: Mechanisms and Physiological Significance
| | Function | Dysfunction Result | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | CFTR (Cl⁻ channel) | Regulates chloride and water secretion in epithelia | Cystic fibrosis (thick mucus in lungs/pancreas) | | SGLT1 (Na⁺/glucose symporter) | Intestinal glucose absorption | Glucose-galactose malabsorption (severe diarrhea) | | Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase | Maintains ion gradients | Familial hemiplegic migraine; neuronal excitability disorders | | GLUT1 (uniporter) | Glucose transport into brain | GLUT1 deficiency syndrome (seizures, developmental delay) |